Analog sticks.
Release the sticks completely. The dot in each crosshair should sit dead centre at (0.00, 0.00). Anything beyond ±0.05 from centre at rest is drift. Trace mode records where the sticks have been — useful for verifying full rotational range.
Standard-mapping gamepads expose left stick on axes 0/1, right stick on axes 2/3. Most controllers ship with a hardware deadzone of ~0.08–0.12 — the values you see are post-deadzone. Real drift manifests as a non-zero idle reading that walks slowly over seconds.